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Logical reasoning is a system that we use to construct an argument from observation and known facts.

We can use logical reasoning to make assumptions, through known facts. A very popular phrase that depicts logic is this: Every man is mortal, Socrates is a man, therefore Socrates is mortal.

Logic is obviously used everywhere, at work, when we are learning a new language, etc. etc.

Now something that you do not realize normally, is that your inference can be wrong even though it seems that the evidence you know concurs it to be true.

Let me introduce you to the way logic works… (the following is an excerpt from the book IQ Power-up)

“The Ladder of Inference” -

1. “Observable Fact - The sun rises in the east and sets in the west
2. Selective Detail - The sun appears to be moving
3. Inference - The sun is moving
4. Assumption - The sun is circling the earth
5. Conclusion - The earth is the center of the universe”

I hope you know that this inference is in fact, false.

Even though this was is an incorrect model of the universe, you can see why people a long time ago used to believe that is was the truth. Then, after this is thought to be the truth we will then come to more false conclusions after using this as our observable fact.

A simple way to better your logic skills and make sure that all of your deductive reasoning is correct is to research all of your evidence and make sure that it is all true.